Ethnic-racial Categories Influence the Distribution

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However, in light of the process of subjugation and exclusion that Ecuadorian indigenous populations experienced at the hands of regimes sometimes led by some members of these same sectors, it is worth asking if the discussion of who is legally white has not made us lose in view of more subtle, but more efficient ways, in which the white thing operates in everyday life. That is to say, in Latin America there is no clarity to determine who is white and who is not,USA , where that identity is a legal category. That said, in Latin America power, prestige and distinction are linked to notions of "whiteness", the latter element being more accessible to those who can demonstrate it in a bodily form, understanding the latter as physical appearance, but also as attitudes.

The work of Ana Ramos-Zayas offers a novel proposal to understand this issuetwenty. The author examines the upper and upper middle class neighborhoods of Ipanema and Condado, in Brazil and Puerto Rico respectively. Despite the historical differences between the country C Level Contact List the territory, these two residential areas allow us to appreciate how class privilege goes hand in hand with ethnic-racial privilege in Latin America. This ethnographic work details the way in which these two communities wish to move away from the excessive materialism that usually defines the highest strata.



In opposition, the wealthy study subjects seek to promote lifestyles based on ethical consumption, the promotion of individual well-being habits (such as the practice of yoga) and the development of empathic forms of socialization (through the creation of public spaces who seek the common good). All these elements suggest the existence of anti-hegemonic communities. However, these practices are based on the material abundance that characterizes both communities. For example, socialization takes place in spaces that commonly carry some cost or that have local residence requirements, which ends up excluding the popular sectors. In the case of practices that seek to promote empathy and spirituality, the cost of these ends up generating homogeneous spaces in which class solidarity is reproduced.